{"id":10860,"date":"2023-09-02T01:05:23","date_gmt":"2023-09-02T01:05:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dorontash.com\/?p=10860"},"modified":"2023-09-02T06:53:51","modified_gmt":"2023-09-02T06:53:51","slug":"plastering-art-in-iran","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dorontash.com\/en\/plastering-art-in-iran\/","title":{"rendered":"Plastering art in Iran"},"content":{"rendered":"
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What is plastering?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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plastering art<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0is one of the arts related to architecture, which has its own form and style in each region and each time period.\u00a0As the name of this art shows, the main material used in this art is plaster.<\/p>\n

There are many arts in architecture, one of them is the art of stucco and it is the only art that has existed in every part of the world since long time ago, only its form and method have been different.\u00a0Plaster is one of the most important materials used in the art of plastering.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

video of plastering art<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>[vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html]
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dorontash handicrafts magazine<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Dorontash’s suggestion: iran handicrafts<\/a><\/p>\n

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The art of\u00a0plastering<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0has existed not only in other countries but also in Iran itself in different periods, and its method and form have been different in each period.\u00a0The reason why plaster was used for decorative arts is its formability and adhesiveness and its favorable color, and plaster is widely used in architectural art for\u00a0\u00a0interior<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0and exterior decoration design.<\/p>\n

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One of the arts that greatly contributes to the beauty of the interior and exterior of the building is the art of plastering.\u00a0This art has shown itself as a part of architecture in the distant past until today, where they have used this art in most of the big buildings.\u00a0Iran is one of the countries whose architects and artists have paid special attention to art, whose works can be seen in historical buildings.\u00a0In the past, this art was used to cover rough and rough surfaces, which over time got out of this state and changed into an art form for beauty and decoration.<\/div>\n

Traditional plastering<\/b><\/h2>\n
In the valuable historical remains of Iran, examples of plaster art can be seen, which unfortunately is less noticed today.\u00a0In the following, we discuss the art of plastering in different periods in Iran.<\/div>\n

The art of plastering in the Seljuk period\"plaster<\/b><\/h3>\n
The use of plastering for interior facades was more important in the Seljuk period, and the development process of this art in this period is related to the use of the said art in the types of Kufic calligraphy along with Islamic patterns.<\/div>\n
Buildings such as the Ardestan Mosque are left over from this period, which are decorated with Kufic script.<\/div>\n

The art of plastering in the Ilkhanid period<\/b><\/h3>\n
During the Ilkhanid period, the process of using plastering art grew significantly, and in addition to the Kufic script, other scripts such as the Diwani, Soltani, and Raqai scripts were also used, as well as geometric shapes with Islamic motifs, and beautiful altars and many works. There are remains from this period, among these arts, we can mention the Heydarieh Mosque in Qazvin and the valuable altar of Pirbakran.<\/div>\n

The art of plastering in the Timurid period\"plaster<\/b><\/h3>\n
The Timurid period was the era of transformation and the use of valuable plaster casts and the use of different characters and different lines, and valuable designs also appeared in this period.\u00a0And very beautiful and valuable works from this period were left behind.\u00a0An example of this art has been left among Kashan Square’s headstones.<\/div>\n

The art of plastering in the Safavid period<\/b><\/h3>\n
Plaster moldings, especially bald and semi-bald moldings, brought the art of plastering into a new era.\u00a0Aali Qapu Music Hall is one of those masterpieces that have survived from this period.<\/div>\n

The art of plastering in the Zandiye period<\/b><\/h3>\n
Tangerine planting with flowers and plants, moqransbandi and many artistic creations that have been left in this period.\u00a0Among them, we can mention the early tomb of Khan Zand.<\/div>\n

The art of plastering in the Qajar period<\/b><\/h3>\n
Imitation of the art of plastering by Europeans in royal palaces, especially capitals and roofs, due to the travel of the Qajar kings to Farang, this art flourished tremendously. Authentic Iranian art and the golden claws of Iranian artists, which originated from the artistic taste of Iranian artists and authentic Iranian art, could be captured in the plastering of Iranian buildings.<\/div>\n

ready plastering<\/b><\/h2>\n
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Plastering is a very time-consuming task.\u00a0With the development of construction and the lack of plaster artists, this was not possible in the traditional way.\u00a0Therefore, this work has changed from traditional to industrial, and using plaster and tools, plaster molds are prepared to install them in the right place;\u00a0This makes plastering very easy, which is one of the most widely used uses of plaster in building decoration and motifs.\u00a0This work has advantages and disadvantages that are discussed below.<\/div>\n
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The benefits of using this art<\/b><\/h3>\n
1- Easy installation<\/div>\n
2- Installation speed<\/div>\n
3- Light weight<\/div>\n
4- Easy transportation<\/div>\n
5- High strength<\/div>\n
6- High and diverse coloring power<\/div>\n
7- long shelf life<\/div>\n

Disadvantages of using ready plaster<\/b><\/h3>\n
Low resistance to water and humidity, in places where humidity is high, the plastered surface becomes so-called drum and has an inappropriate appearance.\u00a0It also causes corrosion and rust in metals.<\/div>\n
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ceiling plastering<\/b><\/h2>\n
From long ago until today, plastering of the reception ceiling has been used to decorate the ceiling of the building, especially the reception area of \u200b\u200bthe house, due to its malleability and adhesiveness, for which architects and plasterers have prepared and implemented various designs that gave a beautiful appearance to the ceiling. Most of the time, this design was implemented based on the center of the lantern or light emitters, which also has different styles.\u00a0One of the works that was used in this type of construction technique was the use of very thick ceiling plasters in high-rise buildings so that the height of the building does not seem too high and the decoration of the building is eye-catching.<\/div>\n
By using this method, you can change the focal point of the space and focus on the desired points.\u00a0Even a flat roof can be curved and change its space.\u00a0You can also change the space of the room by painting patterns and plaster surfaces.<\/div>\n

Modern plastering\"plaster<\/b><\/h2>\n
This art is the same prominent roles that were created by the creativity of plaster artists according to the needs of the time.\u00a0Artists in this style of plastering, unlike the traditional style of flowers and birds, have not used and artists have created a new style.\u00a0In each period, this art has specific shapes and designs related to that period, which have changed over time and modern plastering art has emerged. It is one of the arts related and intertwined with modern plastering art architecture.\u00a0Luxury and historical spaces are the first places that come to mind when talking about it.\u00a0But contrary to this idea, even today, modern stucco has a special place, and its use in interior decoration is one of the most popular items for decoration.\u00a0Using modern models and adding light sources such as\u00a0traditional chandeliers and traditional mirrors <\/a><\/strong>It is beautiful and the curtains around it gave a special effect to the decoration, and the use of this art has a special place even today.<\/div>\n

Types of plastering<\/b><\/h2>\n
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Since the work of art is not repeated and every moment the artist creates and completes new designs, the art of plastering is also included in this category and has many variations and is not limited;\u00a0And designs and creations are added every moment.\u00a0In general, this art can be divided into three main categories based on appearance.<\/div>\n
\u2022 Background and surface designs:\u00a0<\/b>\u00a0placing a surface completely or in pieces on a special order such as ceiling, wall, etc.<\/div>\n
\u2022 Margin designs:<\/b>\u00a0\u00a0placing a special path continuously or in pieces on a special order under the cover of a connected design such as the sides of the roof and corridor.<\/div>\n
\u2022 Single and special designs:<\/b>\u00a0\u00a0this design is used in special places and individually;\u00a0such as column heads or fireplaces and…<\/div>\n

Types of plastering in the building<\/b><\/h2>\n

Plaster with relief<\/b><\/h3>\n
In this method, the surface is plastered first, and in this way the ground is covered with plaster, and then the desired pattern is created on the surface.<\/div>\n

plaster of Paris\"en5222\"<\/a><\/h3>\n
The raised type has a very long history and in this case, a large prominence is created in relation to the background.<\/div>\n

rough plaster<\/b><\/h3>\n
This type of plastering can be considered between “embossed” and “raised” in terms of prominence, in this method, the corners of the work are sharp and notched because it is done without rubbing or polishing.<\/div>\n

Plaster of spots or clumps<\/b><\/h3>\n
In this way, it was imported to Iran from the West and is not indigenous.\u00a0Exaggerated bumps are more common than usual.<\/div>\n

Pate plaster<\/h3>\n
In this way, which became popular since the 8th century.\u00a0The plasterer created a new art by painting the canvas with plaster and after drying the canvas was plastered, which looked like hard cardboard.\u00a0It was prepared for plastering and then it was stuck on the desired wall.<\/div>\n
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Lattice plaster<\/b><\/h3>\n
This method is one of the most delicate and difficult types of plastering, in which the desired surface is plastered with a thickness of 15 to 25 cm, and after drying and taking the plaster, the artist begins to make art and empty the surfaces and implement the desired designs. Finally, it creates a mesh surface with a very thin thickness.<\/div>\n

Layered plastering<\/b><\/h3>\n
This method is used when the goal is to use several colors.\u00a0In this way, first the foundation is done with live plaster and then it is painted with different colors.<\/div>\n

Killing Plaster<\/b><\/h3>\n
In this method, plaster is applied to the desired surface, and after that, the plaster is drawn on the same part, which requires a high speed of operation in this method.<\/div>\n

Gypsum seeds<\/b><\/h3>\n
In this way, plaster must first be sifted until it reaches the highest level of softness so that it can be used for artistic designs and colored artistic plasters.\u00a0Ashchazkhaneh plastering is one of the common examples of this model.<\/div>\n
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Hand plastered art<\/h2>\n

Hand plastering as the name suggests.\u00a0Plasterer’s handiwork and art.\u00a0In manual plastering,\u00a0wall<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0plastering, ceiling plastering, and column plastering are done by hand.\u00a0A plasterer or plasterer first mixes a mixture of water and plaster with a precise ratio to obtain a paste.\u00a0Then he shapes it by hand and uses different tools to carve and engrave on plaster.<\/p>\n

Carving on plaster should not take much time, because if the plaster hardens, it is no longer possible to make patterns on it.\u00a0Also, low-quality plaster spoils the final result of the work.\u00a0Due to the time and effort of the plasterer, manual plastering is more expensive than modern plastering and prefabricated plastering.<\/p>\n

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dorontash’s suggestion: All kinds of Iranian handicrafts<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

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The price of building plastering and plastering\"plaster<\/h2>\n

Usually, in a plastering project, after determining the general dimensions of the project and the description of the project, the price for the master plasterer is agreed upon between the employer and the contractor.\u00a0And the price of a project with a specific specification may be priced at several different prices by several masters.\u00a0Of course, the offered price is different depending on the skill of the plasterer.\u00a0Also, not all of its master workers have sufficient mastery to implement any project.<\/p>\n

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The art of plastering and the history of plastering in Iran<\/h1>\n
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Whitewash with plaster, which evolved during the Parthian period, was the first covering of clay walls in order to protect these walls from moisture damage.\u00a0But at the same time, it also had a decorative effect, because it reduces the ugliness of mud walls, and it was very effective and useful especially in the ornamentation of brick and stone walls that were common in the later period, namely the Sassanid period.<\/p>\n

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Another reason for the popularity of plastering in the arts related to Iranian architecture was that plastering was cheap and easy to work with, and on the other hand, time, energy and money were saved. followed (that is, the Parthian and Sassanid periods), the use of plaster decorations in the interior and exterior of buildings became very popular, and this tradition was contrary to the tradition of the previous period and the Persian style (architectural style of the Median and Achaemenid periods), which consisted of sculptures and reliefs and or glazed bricks were used to decorate the building.<\/p>\n

The delicate designs and precise bright shadows created in the art of plastering were very much noticed by Iranians, so that after converting to Islam, the art of plastering was also used during the Seljuq (Razi style) and Ilkhanate and Timurid periods (Azeri style). It was resumed and as an example of Al-Jayto altar in Jame Mosque of Isfahan, it has been called the pinnacle of plastering during Islamic Iran.<\/p>\n

According to Professor Pope: Iranians have brought the style and techniques of plastering to such an elegance and variety that no other nation can match them in the use of this material.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The course of Iran’s plaster art<\/strong><\/h2>\n

It was only the Iranians who brought plaster to the base of one of the fine arts and added mesh plaster to its simple form.\u00a0Perhaps the most famous example of mesh plasterwork can be found on the sixth floor of Ali Qapu located in Naqsh Jahan Square.\u00a0It is called the Hall of Musicians and the Iranian artist was able to create a kind of acoustic room for music by using the correct and precise and delicate mesh plasterwork.<\/p>\n

In the pre-Islamic period, the art of plastering has a fascinating beauty.\u00a0Various and complex designs, which were often decorated with various bright colors, were a magnificent sight in the eyes of the beholder at that time.\u00a0Of course, the disjointed ruins that remain from the plastered palaces of the Sassanid period and the early Islamic era cannot show that original glory.<\/p>\n

The experience gained from decorating clay dishes helped plaster masters a lot.\u00a0These dishes had practical utility and were used to cool water in the summer, but they were also luxurious and rich families decorated them with various designs of carving and relief.\u00a0The designers used the experience they had learned in the evolution of this art, that is, decorating with a single simple material, for the progress of stucco in architecture.<\/p>\n

Most of the motifs used in stucco art are decorative and completely abstract, and they rarely show realism.\u00a0In the Sasanian era plasters, animal motifs, which in a special, precise and surprising way have the appearance of abstract painting, you can see the shapes of boars, peacocks and gazelles, and you can see the skill of the master plasterer, and from the traces of the art of stonemasonry and He also saw the experiences resulting from it in these motifs.<\/p>\n

The use of human statues in the form of stucco can be seen in pre-Islamic art, especially in the Parthian period.\u00a0During the Parthian period, human heads were used in architectural decorations, most of which can be seen in the stone palaces located in Hetra, where this role was used in the decorations of the arches, and how they were used in later periods, in the Roman architectural style. And French Gothic was imitated.\u00a0This form was initially just an allegory.\u00a0Busts found in the Kish area (a city in Mesopotamia) wearing crowns that can be used to determine their royal status.\u00a0But in these motifs, no simulating element is used in the face and it is not known to be important.\u00a0Here, the king is the only manifestation of power, character and executor of sacred duties and is not a specific person.<\/p>\n

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In the next period, i.e. the Sassanid period, although the influence of Greek, Roman and Byzantine art intensified and as a result, realistic views had to increase, but this realism was only manifested in artistic subjects and not in the form of performing works.\u00a0Explaining that in Sasanian art, including plasterwork and relief, the subject may be the historical reality and the recording of an important event, but in the payment of proportions and decorations, symbolic viewpoints are still preserved.<\/p>\n

Unfortunately, due to the prohibition of the art of sculpture in the Islamic era, although the art of plastering was not destroyed, it was greatly weakened and stopped developing.\u00a0Many of the plaster works of the Sassanid era were broken and corroded, and in terms of the art of sculpting and sculpting, they looked low and ugly.<\/p>\n

The only thing that survived from the plaster art can be found inside the palaces.\u00a0The art of stucco was continuously traced in the decorations of Iranian palaces from the Sassanid era to the modern era.\u00a0The rows of hollow niches, like those seen in the palaces of the Caliphs in Samaria, and the plaster patterns on the walls, like those found by the Russians in the Seljuk palaces, or in the excavations carried out by the Metropolitan Museum in Neyshabur, all show signs of decoration. My abstraction and simplicity is a sign of the perfection and beauty of art in these periods.<\/p>\n

The plastering art of the Islamic era was able to open its way by relying on abstract and geometric motifs in Islamic art, so that unique examples of Islamic plastering art can be well seen in mosques, especially in the altars.\u00a0As an example, the mihrab of Shiraz Grand Mosque, Bastam Jame Mosque and Saveh Maidan Mosque contain examples of the best Islamic stucco art.<\/p>\n

the photos of plastering art<\/h2>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"What is plastering? plastering art\u00a0\u00a0is one of the arts related to architecture, which has its own form and style in each region and each time period.\u00a0As the name of this art shows, the main material used in this art is plaster. There are many arts in architecture, one of them is the art of stucco...","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":10866,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10860","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dorontash-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPlastering art in Iran and world+ video & photos<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"plastering art\u00a0\u00a0is one of the arts related to architecture, which has its own form and style in each region. 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